Identical (identical) twins

Identical (identical) twins occur when one egg is fertilized by one sperm (one sperm) so that one fertilized (fertilized) egg is formed. Why do identical twins occur and what increases the likelihood of conceiving twins and what are the problems of this pregnancy This is the topic of our next article A glimpse of the genetic material in identical twins: The division occurred after the formation of the fertilized egg, which means that they have the same eye color and hair color. This means that we look at two children exactly the same, but some strange cases may occur, for example: Mirrored twins: Mirrored twins are simply the image of the twin in the mirror. , so that these twins are identical but are images of each other, for example their hair may be spiral in opposite directions, or teeth may begin to form on opposite sides of the mouth, or one of them may be right-handed (uses his right hand to write) and the other is left-handed (uses his hand). left hand writing). Conjoined twin: Conjoined twin (also called Siamese twin) is one of the dilemmas of medicine, and it occurs because the fertilized egg is too late in dividing and then it may not be able to separate completely (this happens when the fertilized egg divides after 12 days of pregnancy or more). The location of the fusion varies from case to case, but most often it occurs in the chest or abdomen area, and twins may share one or more vital organs, which makes the separation process risky. Many conjoined twins die after birth, and some require long, delicate and difficult operations. The degree of difficulty of the surgery depends on where they are conjoined and the organs they share. Can identical twins be heterosexual? The answer is no, since twins have the same genetic material, they are definitely of the same sex, because the genetic material determines the sex. What causes identical twins? Although there are some factors that make non-identical twins more likely, such as the increase in the height and weight of the women, the age of the woman and other factors, the exact cause of this is not completely known. Do identical twins share a placenta? Identical twins may share a placenta, and they may have two different placentas, depending on the day the division occurred. What are the medical risks during pregnancy with twins? In general, the pregnancy passes peacefully, but it needs careful medical monitoring. Complications occur in a twin pregnancy much more than in a pregnancy with one fetus, and of course the more fetuses, the higher the probability of complications, and the most important of these complications: Pregnancy problems: Some complications occur during pregnancy, especially in months The last pregnancy where pregnant women are exposed to high pregnancy pressure or high gestational diabetes, which is called gestational diabetes, and they are two serious diseases that affect the health and safety of the mother and the safety of the fetus if the pressure and sugar numbers are not monitored and controlled within acceptable limits. Placental problems: During labor and delivery, the placenta can separate from the uterus before birth, leading to a decrease in the amount of blood reaching the fetus, and this is a danger that may threaten the safety of the fetus and lead to its death in some cases. The uterine muscle sticks to it, making it difficult to separate after childbirth and exposing the mother to profuse bleeding. In other cases, the uterus is unable to contract after childbirth, because it has stretched so much that it temporarily loses its elasticity and ability to contract, and this is called uterine inertia, and as a result, heavy life-threatening bleeding occurs. The fetuses can also be born early, and this will expose them to weight loss and various problems of prematurity such as dyspnea and insufficient maturity of the organs for life outside the womb. Blood at the expense of the other, the first fetus possesses a large amount of hemoglobin and this is called red blood, while the second will develop anemia, and both will be exposed to important problems and serious weaknesses, as red blood is no less dangerous than anemia. Most of the above problems occur in a single fetus, but they occur more frequently when the mother is carrying twins, so pregnancy and delivery should be monitored by a doctor with long experience in dealing with high-risk pregnancies. What is the appropriate time for birth to occur? Although a natural birth is possible, many doctors prefer a cesarean delivery in the case of a twin pregnancy, especially if both heads are not pointing downward.